Biography:

My name is Hadis Eskandari and I am a third year midwifery student at the Islamic Azad University of Medicine. My purpose of writing this article is to help women in my field. I have also filed a patent to help mother’s breastfeed. One of my interests is participating in conferences and scientific gatherings to get more information about health problems in different societies, especially women's health. I also volunteered in health centers for a few months and started writing my own articles. I hope that I can contribute to the health of society, especially the health of women.

Abstract:

It is well known that metabolic syndrome as an assemblage of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes is a challenging problem among menopausal women. The main objective of this study is to investigate the age of menopause and the number of births and the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. This study was conducted on 330 postmenopausal women referring to health centers in 5 districts of Tehran, Iran. Data were obtained through an interview containing demographic information, Age of menopause number of births, measurement of HDL-C, TG, blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting blood glucose. Also, the definition of metabolic syndrome provided by the third panel of adult treatment (III Adult treatment) was used.

Biography:

Dardan Myftiu, MD, is a graduate of Tirana University, Faculty of Medicine in 2009 as a Medical Doctor, and in the same year, he became part of the Elita hospital in Ferizaj as an emergency doctor. From August 2010 to September 2013, Dr. Myftiu worked at Main Family Medical Center, Ferizaj, Kosovo firstly as a General Practitioner and then as an Emergency Doctor at Primary Emergency Center. Since February 2018, he is a specialist in Gynaecology and Obstetrics at American Hospital Kosova. Dr. Dardan Myftiu is part as a co-author of some publications in Medical Journals, and a participant in multiple international and national medical conferences.

Abstract:

Background: The incidence of obesity worldwide has increased over the last 20 years. The increase in obesity in maternal pregnancy is causing a major challenge to obstetrics practices. The aimed study was to evaluate and compare the pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in normal and obese weight women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 628 pregnant women with gestational age ≥37 weeks. The selection of women was categorized into two groups, 300 normal-weight women with BMI less than 25 kg/m² and 328 pregnant women with BMI over 25 kg/m². SPSS software version 26.0 was used to analyze data. Multivariate logistic regression described the relation of weight change to pregnancy course and outcomes.

Results: A comparison between study groups appears an increase in antepartum complications in obese weight women. Besides that, arterial hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes were more frequent in obese weight women compared to normal-weight women obese women. The incidence of cesarean was highest in obese women statistically significant difference from normal women with a p-value <0.001. In addition, maternal obese pregnancies were at twice the risk for delivery of infants who were macrosomia with higher odds (OR=1.86, 95% CI=1.12–3.40). In perinatal outcomes, the difference in mean birth weight of the babies among normal and obese women was statistically significant (p=0.002).

Conclusion: As we saw from the results of this study obesity during pregnancy was associated with pregnancy complications. To optimize all complications to maternal and fetus, weight gains during the pregnancy must be controlled and appropriate. Furthermore, studies are recommended to explore the maternal obesity complication and risk factors that influence obesity in order to minimize the adverse negative effect of this risk.

Biography:

Yalemwork Getnet, Phd candidate, associate professor of public health was born in South Gondar Ethiopia. She has got Bachelor of Science in Public Health in 2007 and Masters’ degree in Public Health in 2012 from Jimma University, Ethiopia. She is an academic staff working as an associate professor of public health in Addis Ababa University Ethiopia. She is currently a PhD candidate at Addis Ababa University working on her dissertation entitled “Maternal dietary intake, intrauterine growth pattern and Birth outcome. Butajira nutrition, mental health and pregnancy (BUNMAP) cohort study”. She has also worked in St. Luke Catholic hospital and college of nursing and midwifery for about 3 years with inpatients and outpatients in different clinics such as in maternal and child health clinic, ART clinic, gynecology and obstetrics clinic.

Abstract:

Background: Pregnancy is the time in which the major determinants for perinatal outcomes and postnatal growth are laid down. Hence, it is crucial to monitor fetal growth in utero by ultrasonography. However, there are very few ultrasound-based longitudinal studies worldwide and a single ultrasound-based study in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study will serve as a basis for the development of context-specific nutritional interventions that can improve birth outcomes and the long-term quality of life of the mother and her offspring.

Methods: Ultrasound-based longitudinal study among 747 pregnant women was conducted in Butajira, Ethiopia. Serial ultrasonographic examination at baseline and scheduled visits at least at 14, 26 and 36 weeks of gestation to evaluate intrauterine growth pattern was done. Fetal weight estimation was done using the Hadlock algorithm. Fetal growth biometry analyzed by the International Fetal Growth Standards application. Reference curves were estimated based on centiles for individual biometrics. Estimated fetal weight was derived at each gestational age from 14 to 40 weeks using the intergrowth 21^st application. The z-scores and percentiles of biometric measurements and EFW were calculated and fitted to INTERGROWTH-21^st International Standards for Fetal Growth. Z-score for EFW was calculated using the International Fetal Growth Standards - Estimated Fetal Weight (Version 1.0).

Results: We analyzed a total of 2,074 ultrasound scans among 747 singleton fetuses that have 2 and above ultrasound scans after ≥14 weeks of gestation. The median age of the women during enrolment was 26 years IQR (23,30) and 62.4% (464/744) of the women were in the age range between 25-34 years. About 10.4 % (77/742) of the women were underweight during enrolment. 23.5% (175/746) of the women have MUAC measurements below 23 cm during enrolment. The median number of ultrasound scan per fetus was 3 ranging from 2-6. We found that 10% of the fetus were small for gestational age (below the 10^th percentile) based on the Z-score of EFW. When we fit to the INTERGROWTH-21^st application software, the Z-score distribution of biometric measurements in our study is different.

Conclusion: We found that the overall intrauterine growth distribution is mostly similar with the previous study done in Ethiopia as well as with the WHO and INTERGROWTH-21^st fetal growth reference standards. About 10% of the fetus was found to be growth restricted. Both Abdominal Circumference (AC) and estimate EFW gave the same result in detecting the magnitude of fetal growth restriction. We recommend subsequent follow up studies to evaluate the effect of intrauterine fetal growth on birth outcome and subsequent child growth and development.

 

Biography:

Dr. Zaeem Sohail Jafar is a graduate of Lahore Medical and Dental College. He completed his graduation in February 2020 and was appointed as a Medical Officer in a remote and underprivileged area in Punjab where he saw many pregnant females blighted by anemia. In Southeast Asia, the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is 48.2%, which is the second highest prevalence in the world. Pakistan is categorized among the countries having anemia as a moderate public health problem with a prevalence of 39.1% among the pregnant women. The basic purpose of this abstract submission is to highlight common physiological symptoms of pregnancy and the prevalence of anemia in remote areas of under-developed countries with an aim to educate the people the effects of this condition on mothers and their babies.

Abstract:

Objectives: To determine the frequency of anemia and frequency of physiological symptoms of pregnancy in the first trimester.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural health center from January 2021 to November 2021. Sample size of 801 patients was taken. Mean age of women were 27.2 ± 4.6 years. Demographical data, hemoglobin levels and symptoms which occurred during pregnancy in first trimester were taken. Mean Hb levels were 9.82 ± 0.66 g/dl. Urinalysis reports were obtained from the hospital’s laboratory. Data was analyzed and results were generated using SPSS.

Results: The frequency of anemia among pregnant women in sample size was 96.5%. Most of the women were mildly anemic (71.5%), 5.9% were moderately anemic, 0.3% were severely anemic and only 2.8% were non-anemic [Table 1]. Collectively, among anemic and non-anemic women, nausea and vomiting were the most common symptom reported in 190 (23.7%), heart burn in 117 (14.6%), UTI in 97 (12.1%), constipation in 39 (4.9%), backache in 33 (4.1%) and 28 (3.5%) women reported pelvic pain in the first trimester

Biography:

Brandon Lucke-Wold was born and raised in Colorado Springs, CO. He graduated magna cum laude with a BS in Neuroscience and distinction in honors from Baylor University. He completed his MD/PhD, Master’s in Clinical and Translational Research, and the Global Health Track at West Virginia University School of Medicine. His research focus was on traumatic brain injury, neurosurgical simulation, and stroke. At West Virginia University, he also served as a health coach for the Diabetes Prevention and Management program in Morgantown and Charleston, WV, which significantly improved health outcomes for participants. In addition to his research and public health projects, he is a co-founder of the biotechnology company Wright-Wold Scientific, the pharmaceutical company CTE cure, and was a science advocate on Capitol Hill through the Washington Fellow’s program.

Abstract:

Endocrine resistant breast cancer metastasis continues to serve as a significant clinical challenge with high morbidity and mortality for patients. As the number of breast cancer cases continues to rise, the rate of brain metastasis has also increased. For single lesions or a large symptomatic lesion with other smaller lesions, surgical resection is a viable option in non-eloquent regions. Stereotactic radiosurgery is a great option for post-operative therapy or for 10 or fewer small lesions (<3 cm in size). Whole-brain radiation can be used sparingly for large tumor burdens but should encompass hippocampus sparing techniques. Chemotherapy options have remained relatively limited due to decreased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Emerging monoclonal antibody treatments have offered initial promise, especially for endocrine resistant breast cancer metastasis.